Loadrunner中对中文进行UTF-8转码的探索

来源:网络时间:2011-05-13 14:02:58

  这是一个HTTP接口测试中经常会碰到的问题,目前的服务器采用的都是UTF-8编码方式,而我们的客户机windows系统一般默认采用的编码方式是GBK,这正是我们采用录制方式的时候会发现许多中文乱码的原因。

  Loadrunner录制的时候可以通过在Virtual User Gen的Tools->Recoding Options -> Advanced -> Support charset -> UTF-8的设置规避(其实也只是部分规避),下面我们讨论在手写测试脚本时如何解决UTF-8转码的问题。

  实践一:在脚本中直接采用中文明文进行请求

  web_custom_request("web_custom_request",

  "URL=http://172.16.4.191/list?id=环球影院",

  "Method=GET",

  "TargetFrame=",

  "Resource=0",

  "Referer=",

  "Body=",

  LAST);

  结果:服务端返回404错误,找不到相应的资源id,明显服务端不能正确响应非UTF8编码方式的请求。

  实践二:

  为解决这个问题,最关键的是要把本地GBK编码的汉字转换成UTF-8编码格式的信息,为此我们引进loadrunner自带的编码函数lr_convert_string_encoding

  lr_convert_string_encoding  Return Values Parameterization

  Converts a string to a different encoding.

  C Language

  intlr_convert_string_encoding( const char *sourceString, const char *fromEncoding, const char *toEncoding, const char *paramName);

  Example See Also

  sourceString The string to convert

  fromEncoding The encoding of the sourceString

  toEncoding The encoding to convert of the string saved in parameterparamName

  paramName The name of the parameter in which the destination string will be saved

  lr_convert_string_encodingconverts a string encoding between the following encodings: System locale, Unicode, and UTF-8.The function saves the result string, including its terminating NULL, in the parameterparamName.

  lr_convert_string_encodingis added manually to a script. when needed. It is not recorded.

  Possible values for 'fromEncoding' and 'toEncoding' :

  Constant Value

  LR_ENC_SYSTEM_LOCALE NULL

  LR_ENC_UTF8 "utf-8"

  LR_ENC_UNICODE "ucs-2"

  根据函数说明,我们编写测试脚本如下lr_convert_string_encoding( "环球影院",

  LR_ENC_SYSTEM_LOCALE,

  LR_ENC_UTF8,

  "str" );

  web_custom_request("web_custom_request",

  "URL=http://172.16.4.191/list?id={str}",

  "Method=GET",

  "TargetFrame=",

  "Resource=0",

  "Referer=",

  "EncType=text/xml;charset=UTF-8",

  "Body=",

  LAST);使用lr_convert_string_encoding函数,将中文转换成UTF-8编码以后,作为参数传递给请求,并发送。测试结果:仍然返回404错误,查看loadrunner日志信息“环球影院”已经正确转换成UTF8编码方式,那为什么还是请求失败呢?再次查看日志如下Action.c(7): t=825ms: 223-byte request headers for "http://172.16.4.191/list?id=鐜 悆褰遍櫌" (RelFrameId=1)

  Action.c(7):     GET /list?id=鐜 悆褰遍櫌\x00 HTTP/1.1\r\n

  Action.c(7):     Content-Type: text/xml;charset=UTF-8\r\n

  Action.c(7):     User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows)\r\n

  Action.c(7):     Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate\r\n

  Action.c(7):     Accept: */*\r\n

  Action.c(7):     Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n

  Action.c(7):     host: 172.16.4.191\r\n

  Action.c(7):     \r\n发现在请求地址“/list?id=鐜 悆褰遍櫌”后面还带了一个\x00,这正是lr_convert_string_encoding函数说明中标红的说明:The function saves the result string, including its terminating NULL, in the parameterparamName.也就是说,我转换成UTF-8之后,如果直接作为变量传到代码之中的话,在最后的字符串之中,会多出来一个“NULL”,在c语言中NULL是一个字符串的结束,而正是这个null字节的存在导致了服务端识别id出错。实践三:char tmp[50];

  lr_convert_string_encoding( "环球影院",

  LR_ENC_SYSTEM_LOCALE,

  LR_ENC_UTF8,

  "str" );

  strcpy(tmp,lr_eval_string("{str}"));lr_log_message("str is %s",tmp);

  lr_save_string(tmp,"sorvalue");

  web_custom_request("web_custom_request",

  "URL=http://172.16.4.191/list?id={sorvalue}",

  "Method=GET",

  "TargetFrame=",

  "Resource=0",

  "Referer=",

  "Body=",

  LAST);通过lr_eval_string函数取参数值时会自动去掉\x00,测试结果正常,正确返回HTTP响应内容。

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